Cheap Hookah! We build a Surface Air Breathing System.
We give you all the details, cost and show you how it's done.
We go through the safety aspects and the risks in detail.

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Closed Captions (CC):
in this video

i got a cheap hooker oh not that type of

hooker

i mean a surface air breathing system

[Music]

diver safety please do not skip or zoom

forward this short presentation

on diver safety there's things you need

to know

and it's our responsibility to tell you

the air we breathe is only about 20

oxygen so the illustration that you see

above from wikipedia

is wrong around 79 is actually nitrogen

and the other 1

is other gases these percentages are

important

we'll come back to them in a minute or

two the air pressure around us at sea

level is one atmosphere or

14.7 pounds per square inch and we refer

to this as one bar

again this figure is important we do not

notice the pressure

because the am it's ambient and all

around us

and inside our body spaces too as well

as in our blood

if we climb a mountain or go up in an

aircraft we notice the change in

pressure

as we go up the pressure goes down or

gets less

we often say my ears just popped or the

air up here on this mountain is thin

and that's because the pressure is lower

how does that affect me

if i'm just building a hooker well

actually it could have a big effect on

you

please watch on so the air at sea level

is one atmosphere

14.7 pounds or one bar

as we dive or swim in the ocean the

deeper we go

the greater the pressure gets because of

the weight of water above us

at 10 meters depth the weight of water

above us

causes the pressure to increase by one

bar to a total of two bar

at 20 meters depth the pressure

increases by 2 bar to a total of 3

bar and at 30 meters depth the pressure

increases by 3 bar

to a total of 4 bar and so on

so i've done a little illustration here

a graph

and by the way if you want any of these

slides in touch and we'll

get them to you or put them on the

website or something every 10 meters we

descend the total pressure acting on us

increases by one bar at 50 meters depth

there is six bar of total pressure or

88.2 psi each bar

or atmosphere is made up from the same

percentage of gases on the surface

we said the oxygen was 20 or 0.2 of a

bar

and nitrogen was 79 or 0.79 of a bar

if at 50 meters we are breeding air at

six bar that's the equivalent

of 6 times 0.2 bar

or 1.2 bar of total oxygen

the same applies with nitrogen at 4.74

bar of nitrogen

breathing compressed air can have funny

consequences

breathing oxygen at partial pressure as

low as 1.2 bar

or above the oxygen becomes toxic to

humans

breathing nitrogen at these pressures

can cause

nitrogen narcosis a drunken euphoric

state

where you can lose consciousness or

start behaving well

erratically so why do we need to be

aware of this

with a hooker or surface air breathing

system

or using a surface air breathing system

means that you are breathing pressure

relevant to your depth ie at 10 meters

you'd be breathing

two bar as you can see from the graph

above

this line is linear so if you're only

diving at

say three meters the bottom of your keel

of your boat you're actually breathing

air at 1.3 bar

not in itself dangerous unless you hold

your breath and come to the surface of

the lung full of air

however any deeper and prolonged

immersion

could be a problem i'll explain more

wait you at the back

pay attention this is important

breathing air on land we get used to the

pressure

and the levels of gases these are

absorbed into our

blood body tissues and bone and are not

harmful

when we breathe air at pressures the

same thing occurs

these gases oxygen and nitrogen are

absorbed into our blood

body tissues and bone but the pressure

is higher and therefore

compared to the surface we're absorbing

these gases

a much higher rate at 10 meters depth we

would be absorbing twice the amount as

the pressure is twice the pressure on

the surface

blood soft tissues absorb these gases

quickly and hard tissues like

cartilage and bone absorb them slowly

the longer you dive the more it is

absorbed

the problem occurs when you come to the

surface

the air in your lungs is compressed

because you've breathed it

at pressure as you come up from depth

the pressure reduces the air volume gets

bigger so you must not hold your breath

even on a shallow dive

the air in your lungs will expand as you

come up

it only takes a small expansion of air

in your lungs

to cause a lot of damage and we call

this a barotrauma

while the blood soft tissues will also

off gas the extra volume of gases that

you have absorbed

cartilage and bun take longer the longer

and deeper you are

the more gas has to come out if these

gases form bubbles in any part of your

body they are serious

divers call these bubbles the bends a

bend in your lung

heart or brain will probably kill you or

leave you seriously injured or paralyzed

forever

shallow depth boat cleaning is

reasonably safe

but any deeper without having specific

training

knowledge and experience and knowing the

risks is just plain stupid

so cleaning your boat okay but any

deeper

just not on if you want to go deeper go

to a reputable subaqua club

or a facility where you can learn how to

dive

properly

while i was editing the hooker video i

was thinking about

how gases are absorbed

into the body and specifically

it's blood which which takes up gases

and then soft tissue and then button in

that order

and this is very similar to the way that

water is carbonized or the soda stream

works

let's talk about gases in suspension

this is a bottle of carbonated water you

know

like you'd get from a soda stream

it's very much like your blood when

you're diving

because you're breathing compressed air

you're having a lot more of those gases

absorbed into your blood

you can't see them when you're diving

you can't see them here in this bottle

but if i was to come up very quickly

from depth

or release the pressure

way you can see what happens

bubbles start to form in the liquid

and that's exactly what happens when

you've come up from depth

when you've been diving so with your

hooker you're not likely to be diving

down to

20 30 meters and that's the point that

i'm trying to make

these hookers are designed for cleaning

your boat cleaning your swimming pool

very very shallow depths but the longer

you dive

the more gases are going to be absorbed

into your blood or into your soft

tissues or even your bone

and it's when that pressure is released

when you come up

that the bubbles will form you don't

want bubbles in your blood do you

let's get on

so this is our uh hooker system all the

bits and pieces that we've bought

and what i'll do is i'll just run you um

through these the first thing is this

is an oilless compressor so

it uh compresses air puts it into this

cylinder here um which

is five liters that's five liters

at 10 bar and 10 atmospheres

it has a secondary valve here a

gauge here and the primary gauge tells

you how much

pressure is in the cylinder

and the secondary one tells you how much

pressure you have in your line and you

can adjust that

here and we're going to be operating at

about two bars so

quite low pressure um

that's a valve gun um so it's 1.5

horsepower which is about

1150 watts something like that and it

will run either from our

generator or it will run from

our inverter so we can use solar power

to charge our batteries and run our

inverter so basically we can use this

at anchor either using the generator

or using solar power via our inverter

the next thing is this hose now this was

quite hard to get hold of

this is a breathing airline

for air or water and it works

up to 21 bar

and it's rated at 21 bar

at 20 degrees celsius so it's a let's

get that in there so it's a reinforced

hose

with an inner and outer and a woven

braid around the outside now this this

hose is food grade

and it's breathing grade the reason that

you have to use that we don't have to

use it

is that ordinary pvc hoses give off

hydrocarbons

and they give off a nasty smell uh as

they degrade

and the breathing hose doesn't so you

could use garden hose

you can use you know fuel hose but

you'll be breathing in all those

hydrocarbons over the years that you use

it so

not a good idea next

is this is the hose towel

which we're going to put into this hose

and this is the connector which goes

into there quick release connector

standard air

airline fitting and we've got some ptfe

tape just to make those off

obviously we've got some hose clips

and we have a regulator

and the regulator has an unusual thread

i can't remember what it's called now i

think it's mpt

um but that seals with an o-ring

on the end and then we have

a hose tail for that which has got the

same

thread in there so we're going to put

all these together

oh the one thing that didn't mention was

was this so this is a 5 micron

fuel filter um

what we're going to do is we're actually

going to put that

in the line and the idea of that is that

should something particulates come

through the compressor it's going to get

stopped by

this filter and i won't be breathing it

in

now it's not absolutely necessary but

it's just an added safety feature

you can you know obviously there's air

coming in there's a little

gauze filter inside here which you can

clean out but what i don't want to do is

to be

breeding bits of

whatever whatever the compressor is uh

putting in

um you can put a moisture trap in here

as well

if you want to um and again they're

cheap as chips but it's not necessary

i'm just putting a that filter in there

for a

little extra safety so let's get this

put together

and just boil a kettle of water

put that in there for a few minutes

and there we go slide that over there

give it a chance to cool

and then we're going to put a jubilee

clip

close clip on there

uh ptfe tape

and we're just going to wrap that

carefully around there

there we go

and then that

screw on there let's get a couple of

spanners

and do that

so this doesn't need to be super tight

just pinch it up

and there we go

and the next thing we want to do is to

put that one on there

and what i'm going to do is just slice

this off to the bigger diameter

grab our kettle of water again just to

warm that tube

of course this time i'm going to need to

put the

pipe clip or jubilee clip

over there first and then slide that on

see how easy that is when you just warm

them with some

some hot water

okay and then we're going to do the same

on the end of this hose here put that

one on there

obviously we'll put a jubilee clip on

hose clip on there

that one will go on there when i've

heated it up

and then we'll do the same on the other

end of that hose there

i'll just carry on with that off camera

and show you when we're done

i'm sure you don't want to watch me

doing hose clips up

okay we're on the home straight now all

i've got to do

is connect the demand valve to the uh

to the hose i didn't like the end of

that hose it was a little bit damaged so

i've just cut

20 millimeters three quarters of an inch

off

that one's all on there now one thing i

didn't point out earlier

if you want your demand valve to have a

swivel in it

so this hose can go round and you can

move some people actually put a swivel

in here

i don't think it's necessary um

we're going to have plenty of of line so

we don't need the swivel

and all i've got to do now is push this

one down

and let that o-ring seat into the bottom

of that fit in there

okay

and this just gets nipped up no more

than that

because it's an o-ring seal

and there we are all done

okay let's uh

let's plug this in and charge up our

cylinder

and one of the things this has got on it

actually can be quite handy

it's got a tyre inflator not that our

boat's got wheels

but we've got uh two fold up bicycles

and also we've got a little fitting here

that we can blow up

fenders and lilo's and

inflatable toys etc

[Music]

okay well you can see that what we've

done i've

just bring the camera over i'll set that

to about 1.5 bar

because that's all we're going to need i

can hear a little hissing

that's just coming from that one there

[Music]

now demand valve is exactly what it says

invented by

jacques cousteau what it does is there's

a diaphragm in the front there

and it allows you to breathe compressed

air

at the ambient pressure so that's the

pressure of the water around you

when it's fitted to a first stage

[Music]

the demand valve can actually produce

air at about 130 bar

um let's show you what the first stage

is we've got one here

okay so this is uh my diverge

this is the octopus

and the cylinder or bottle clips onto

here

and the bottle is charged at about

232 bar

um there's a pressure gauge here a depth

gauge

and you can put a compass in there so

what this does is it takes that high

pressure air at 232 bar

and it drops it down to your

regulator or demand valve i've actually

got two

on this rig and allows the demand valve

to

supply you with air at the ambient

pressure so if you're at

10 meters it's going to be providing you

with air at 2 bar

and if you're at 20 meters it's going to

be providing you

with air at three bar so yeah

no leaks all works as soon as the water

warms up i'll be in cleaning propellers

scraping scraping the bottom all right

yeah i'm pleased with that let's have a

look at the numbers what did it cost

so our oilless compressor we bought from

amazon it

and that was 99 euros remember it must

be an oilless compressor

our demand valve again was 22 euros from

amazon and it came with the mpt adapter

to hose tail

already fitted our breathing air hose

was quite expensive we didn't pay as

much as this

but it was 25 euros and we had to fish

around to find it

in the end ordering it from the uk so

this is the type of

fuel filter that we used and there were

five microns

we had some on the boat so we just used

those i think we paid about

four euros for them and then there's the

hose clips and fittings which are eight

euros so a total of 158 euros

that's the cheapest hooker you're gonna

get

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the crew

[Music]

well thanks for watching i hope that

video is informative and

that you save yourselves a few bucks

when you

when you build a hooker surface air

breathing system

um a couple of things cindy and i are

both

dive instructors or were both dive

instructors

and cindy's got a archaeological

certificate as well so

so i can dig up old relics like me

um what else were we gonna say um safety

wise if you are diving under your boat

we

use and advise you to wear a hard hat or

something with a chin strap to stop it

riding up

and also and always puts a snood on

which is like balaclava

to stop squiggly things going in your

ears and yeah obviously your nose is

covered with a mask anyway

and also wear gloves because those

barnacles are razor sharp

they are razor sharp um and of course if

you've got a rope cutter on your prop

you're always going to dig your fingers

with it so you know

just just a few bits of of general

safety

um the other thing that uh we've seen

people use is use a

uh plastic cycle helmet you know

um under the boat the reason if the boat

comes down on you or something

yeah unfortunately we know of an

incident um

18 months ago two years ago someone was

telling us that uh

somebody was actually knocked out while

they were under their boat

um by the boat coming up and then coming

back down again on their head knock them

out

and uh unfortunately they drown um

and we were only told about that a

couple of days ago so

you know those kind of general sensible

safety things

you know you you ought to be doing so

once again subscribers thank you for

watching

and patreons yes thank you so much

yeah patreons you really do make these

videos possible

um which we say every time and i know

you get bored hearing it

but it's important it's important to us

and we really

genuinely mean that yeah we do we've had

a couple of people buy us a beer

um thank you yeah thank you you know who

you are i'm not gonna

i'm not gonna list everybody's names but

you know who you are and

uh they went a lot of them went to our

website and picked up the free

information that's on

svmpavidus.com um

the what was it it was the engine

service list our engine service list

yeah

things to check well until next time

take care take care and say sales safe

because nobody's allowed to move at the

moment

and uh it's bye from us and bye for

moscow are you gonna say goodbye oscar

no no it's not okay bye bye